Fifty people at high cardiometabolic risk completed eight weeks with 250 mL/day of unfortified orange juice or juice containing vitamin D3, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and L. casei Shirota. The protocol included OGTT and continuous glucose monitoring.

OGTT outcomes and most CGM indices did not differ significantly between groups. The fortified group reduced one high-blood-glucose risk index, while both groups reduced 24-hour glucose area under the curve from their own baselines.

The correct conclusion is not that probiotics and vitamin D improved glycaemic control in this matrix. Juice consumption may have affected fluctuations, while an incremental benefit attributable to fortification was not demonstrated.

Why it matters

For functional-beverage development, the result shows that a multi-ingredient rationale must demonstrate benefit beyond the control matrix.

Evidence limit

A secondary analysis in 50 participants with multiple endpoints. It does not prove absolute inefficacy but does not support a glycaemic advantage over unfortified juice.

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Read the original source · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition ↗