In the randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 87 participants from the GARD cohort received the KL-P301 blend or placebo for 24 weeks. The final analysis included 40 people in the probiotic group and 47 controls.

Compared with placebo, authors report a significant reduction in plasma pTau181. Favourable signals appeared in CDR-SB and selected visuospatial tests, while no between-group differences were seen in MMSE, verbal memory or executive and attentional functions.

Biomarkers and cognitive testing make the result noteworthy but do not equal proof of slower Alzheimer’s disease. Larger replication, independent confirmation, longer follow-up and clarity on the contribution of individual strains are required.

Why it matters

The trial connects microbiota, neurodegeneration biomarkers and specific cognitive domains, moving measurement beyond well-being questionnaires alone.

Evidence limit

A limited sample, 24-week duration and multiple endpoints. It does not demonstrate Alzheimer’s prevention, disease modification or transferability to other probiotic blends.

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